SYNTHESIS OF METHYL ESTER FROM POME ASSISTED BY ULTRASONIC IRRADIATION AND CRACKING USING ZEOLITE CATALYST

Sundaryono, Agus and M., Lutfi Firdaus and Dewi, Handayani (2017) SYNTHESIS OF METHYL ESTER FROM POME ASSISTED BY ULTRASONIC IRRADIATION AND CRACKING USING ZEOLITE CATALYST. In: 3rd International Seminar on Science Education, 28th October 2017, Yogyakarta State University.

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Abstract

The purpose of this research is to convert the Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) into biofuel to find alternative energy as a substitute for petroleum-based energy supply. This study began with the synthesis of methyl esters, the synthesis of methyl ester was carried out in two stages of reaction: esterification with the aid of ultrasonic irradiation using acid catalyst and transesterification reaction with base catalyst. The result of the synthesis then cracked by heating at a temperature of 380 °C for 2 hours using natural zeolite catalysts that have impregnated by active metals, i.e. Cr/HZa and Ni/HZa catalysts. The Ni/HZa catalyst produced 2.4% hydrocarbons, equivalent oil gas, 14.1% short-chain methyl ester and 83.2% long-chain methyl ester. The Cr/HZa catalyst was able to crack methyl esters to produce hydrocarbons of 5.4%, equivalent oil gas, 15.19% short-chain methyl ester and long-chain methyl ester of 79.4%. Characteristics of biofuel that was resulted from catalytic cracking of methyl ester using Ni/HZa catalyst: density 0,799 g /mL, kinematic viscosity 1,391 cSt, fog point 1,67 °C, pour point 0°C, acid number 1,86 mg KOH/g oil and water content 0,932 %. Characteristics of biofuel resulted from catalytic cracking of methyl ester using Cr/HZa catalyst: density 0,795 g / mL, kinematic viscosity 1,322 cSt, fog point 1°C, pour point 0°C, acid number 1,68 mg KOH/g oil and water content 2,102%.

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