MEMACU PEMBENTUKAN UMBI MIKRO TANAMAN KENTANG YANG DITANAM SECARA IN VITRO PADA SUHU TINGGI DENGAN APLIKASI ANCYMIDOL, PACLOBUTRAZOL, CCC, DAN COUMARIN

Suharjo , Usman Kris Joko and Fahrurrozi, Fahrurrozi and Sigit, Sudjatmiko (2008) MEMACU PEMBENTUKAN UMBI MIKRO TANAMAN KENTANG YANG DITANAM SECARA IN VITRO PADA SUHU TINGGI DENGAN APLIKASI ANCYMIDOL, PACLOBUTRAZOL, CCC, DAN COUMARIN. In: Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pekan Kentang 2008. Departemen Pertanian, Lembang, pp. 88-75. ISBN 978-979-8257-35-3

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Abstract

The overall goal of this experiment was to establish a technology for growing potato at the low elevation. Producing potato tubers at high temperatures is the first step to reach the goal, as potato crops are well-known to be temperate crops. At high temperature, potato crops produce more gibberrelic acid (GA), which inhibits potato tuber formation. Several retardants have been reported to inhibit GA biosynthesis or halt GA activity. The specific goal of this experiment was to find the effective concentration of four retardan in promoting tuber formation at 30/25 oC. Four retardants (Ancymidol, Paclobutrazol, CCC, and Coumarin) were individually applied to potato 6-week old explants grown in vitro on modified MS medium at different regimes: Ancymidol (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 ppm), Paclobutrazol (0, 1000, 2000, 3000, and 4000 ppm), CCC (0, 300, 600, 900, 1200 ppm), and Coumarin (0, 25, 50, 100, 200 ppm). The explants were incubated under 16 days/8 night cycle for 6 weeks. Retardants were applied when the explants were 6 weeks old, followed by total dark incubation for the next 6 weeks. The results showed that three important things. First, the application of retardant promoted tuber formation in potato crops grown in vitro at high temperature (30//25 oC). In contrast, no tuber was produced without the application of any retardant. Secondly, each retardant had different effective concentration (4 ppm for Ancymidol, 4000 ppm for Paclobutrazol, 1200 ppm for CCC, and 50 ppm for Coumarin. Thirdly, the number of tuber steadily increased with increasing retardant concentration, except for Coumarin which reached its peak at 50 ppm. Other tuber characteristics were discussed in more detail the text. Since the application of retardant may cause inhibition of crop growth, it is recommended to carry out further researches to elucidate when and how those retardants should be applied to the crop when the crops are grown in the field.

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