INITIAL DETECTION OF SENSITIVITY OF UPLAND RICE CULTIVARS UNDER ALUMINUM STRESS

Simarmata, Marulak and Dwi, Wahyuni Ganefianti and Rinova C., Manurung (2013) INITIAL DETECTION OF SENSITIVITY OF UPLAND RICE CULTIVARS UNDER ALUMINUM STRESS. In: Prosiding ISSH A Forum of Humanosphere Science School (HSS). Universitas Bengkulu, Bengkulu, pp. 264-271.

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Abstract

Many factors may be responsible to the limited productivity of upland rice such as, its genetic potential and soil fertility problems. The area of upland-field is usually dominated by ultisol soil which characterized by low nutrients, high acidity and high exchangeable aluminum. Therefore, the use of high quality seeds which especially aluminum tolerance can be regarded as the most appropriate approach to improve the yield of upland rice. The objective of this study was to evaluate the aluminum sensitivity of upland rice cultivars collected in Bengkulu. Research was conducted in the laboratory and greenhouse of the Agronomy Department, the University of Bengkulu from December 2010 to April 2011. Both studies were arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications of each. Seven local cultivars evaluated were Abang Pintal, Bunga Macang, Kancil, Segadang, Kijang, Sedane, and Gemulai. In the first experiment, seeds were germinated in the petridish using germinating paper as a growth media and treated with aluminum at 0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 8.0 mM. Data of germination rates, sprout and root length were collected 2 weeks after germination. The same varieties were also grown in 250-ml plastic pots using ultisol soil as a growth media. Before planted, the media were saturated with aluminum solution at 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mM. The plants were maintained in greenhouse. Data of plant height, shoot and root dry weight were collected at 4 weeks after planting. Data observed were analyzed by analysis of variance and the means were separated by Duncan’s multiple ranged test. Based on the root growth of germination experiments, Bunga Macang, Segadang and Gemulai cultivars performed aluminium tolerance or unsensitive to aluminum up to 4.0 mM. However, based on root and shoot dried weight of seedlings, Abang Pintal and Kancil cultivars performed aluminum tolerance or unsensitive to aluminum at 2.0 mM.

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